| INDIAN VEDIC PANCHANGA (ALMANAC) |
Panchanga comprises of 5 elements: Thithi (lunar day), Vaara (day of the week), Yoga (Luni-Solar combination), Nakshatra (constellation) and Karana (half part of a thithi). These 5 elements give an idea regarding the auspicious and inauspicious moments day by day and the type of activities to be done or not to be done on each day.
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Signs and the stars in it:
There are 12 signs (rasis) having 27 constellations (stars). Each star has 4 quarters. Each star has 13 D 20 M duration and each quarter has 3 D 20 M.
| No. | Sign (Rasi) | Stars in it |
| 1 | Aries | Aswini 1,2,3,4 and Bharani 1,2,3,4 and Krittika 1 |
| 2 | Taurus | Krittika 2,3,4 and Rohini 1,2,3,4 and Mrigasira 1,2 |
| 3 | Gemini | Mrigasira 3,4 and Ardra 1,2,3,4 and Punarvasu 1,2,3 |
| 4 | Cancer | Punarvasu 4 and Pushyami 1,2,3,4 and Aslesha 1,2,3,4 |
| 5 | Leo | Makha 1,2,3,4 and Pubba 1,2,3,4 and Uttara 1 |
| 6 | Virgo | Uttara 2,3,4 and Hasta 1,2,3,4 and Chitta 1,2 |
| 7 | Libra | Chitta 3,4 and Swathi 1,2,3,4 and Visakha 1,2,3 |
| 8 | Scorpio | Visakha 4 and Anuradha 1,2,3,4 and Jyesta 1,2,3,4 |
| 9 | Sagittarius | Moola 1,2,3,4 and Poorvashadha 1,2,3,4 and Uttarashadha 1 |
| 10 | Capricorn | Uttarashadha 2,3,4 and Sravanam 1,2,3,4 and Dhanishta 1,2 |
| 11 | Aquarius | Dhanishta 3,4 and Sathabhisham 1,2,3,4 and Purvabhadra 1,2,3 |
| 12 | Pisces | Purvabhadra 4 and Uttarabhadra 1,2,3,4 and Revathi 1,2,3,4 |
Yogas:
Yoga represents the sum of Sun and Moon positions. There are 27 yogas. Each yoga is of 13 deg 20 min duration. The first yoga is called ‘Vishkambha’ which starts at 0 D 0 M of Aries and lasts till 13 D 20 M. For example, if the sum of the longitudes of Sun and Moon is 281 deg, then it represents Siddha yoga.
| No. | Yoga | Lasts till |
| 1 | Vishkambha | 13 D 20 M |
| 2 | Priti | 26 D 40 M |
| 3 | Ayushman | 40 D 00 M |
| 4 | Saubhagya | 53 D 20 M |
| 5 | Sobhana | 66 D 40 M |
| 6 | Atiganda | 80 D 00 M |
| 7 | Sukarman | 93 D 20 M |
| 8 | Dhriti | 106 D 40 M |
| 9 | Soola | 120 D 00 M |
| 10 | Ganda | 133 D 20 M |
| 11 | Vridhi | 146 D 40 M |
| 12 | Dhruva | 160 D 00 M |
| 13 | Vyaghata | 173 D 20 M |
| 14 | Harshana | 186 D 40 M |
| 15 | Vajra | 200 D 00 M |
| 16 | Siddhi | 213 D 20 M |
| 17 | Vyatipata | 226 D 40 M |
| 18 | Variyan | 240 D 00 M |
| 19 | Parigha | 253 D 20 M |
| 20 | Siva | 266 D 40 M |
| 21 | Siddha | 280 D 00 M |
| 22 | Sadhya | 293 D 20 M |
| 23 | Subha | 306 D 40 M |
| 24 | Sukla | 320 D 00 M |
| 25 | Brahma | 333 D 20 M |
| 26 | Indra | 346 D 40 M |
| 27 | Vaidhriti | 360 D 00 M |
Karanas:
Karana represents half part of a lunar day (thithi). There are 15 lunar days and 11 karanas. Karanas change during the bright fortnight (Sukla paksha) and dark fortnight (Krishna paksha).
Sukla Paksha
| No. | Lunar day | First Karana | Second Karana |
| 1 | Padyami | Kimstughnam | Bava |
| 2 | Vidiya | Balava | Koulava |
| 3 | Thadhiya | Taitula | Gariji |
| 4 | Chavithi | Vanaji | Bhadra (Vishti) |
| 5 | Panchami | Bava | Balava |
| 6 | Sashti | Koulava | Taitula |
| 7 | Sapthami | Gariji | Vanaji |
| 8 | Ashtami | Bhadra (Vishti) | Bava |
| 9 | Navami | Balava | Koulava |
| 10 | Dasami | Taitula | Gariji |
| 11 | Ekadasi | Vanaji | Bhadra (Vishti) |
| 12 | Dwadasi | Bava | Balava |
| 13 | Triyodasi | Koulava | Taitula |
| 14 | Chaturdasi | Gariji | Vanaji |
| 15 | Pournami | Bhadra (Vishti) | Bava |
Krishna Paksha
| No. | Lunar day | First Karana | Second Karana |
| 1 | Padyami | Balava | Koulava |
| 2 | Vidiya | Taitula | Gariji |
| 3 | Thadhiya | Vanaji | Bhadra (Vishti) |
| 4 | Chavithi | Bava | Balava |
| 5 | Panchami | Koulava | Taitula |
| 6 | Sashti | Gariji | Vanaji |
| 7 | Sapthami | Bhadra (Vishti) | Bava |
| 8 | Ashtami | Balava | Koulava |
| 9 | Navami | Taitula | Gariji |
| 10 | Dasami | Vanaji | Bhadra (Vishti) |
| 11 | Ekadasi | Bava | Balava |
| 12 | Dwadasi | Koulava | Taitula |
| 13 | Triyodasi | Gariji | Vanaji |
| 14 | Chaturdasi | Bhadra (Vishti) | Sakuni |
| 15 | Amavasya | Chatushpath | Nagavam |
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